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Avalanche Related Articles

Avalanche Danger Checklist (for those folks who like reminders of some of the components that lead to increased avalanche danger)

Avalanche Myths Debunked (discussion of selected "avalanche myths" or popular misconceptions about avalanches and avalanche related dangers)

Common Themes in Avalanche Accidents (a synopsis of either mistakes or overlooked phenomena that have led to avalanche accidents in the past)

ISSW06 Rough Stability Correlations Paper (2006) This paper describes some of the science behind the Rough Stability Test Correlations (2004) and the Simplified Field Version Correlations links presented below)

Non-Avalanche Related Snow Immersion Fatalities Paper (2006) (Paper describing the very serious and life-threatening problems associated with deep snow burial and possible suffocation)

Rough Stability Tests Correlations (experience based graphic showing how some of the popular stability tests correlate with each other)

Simplified Field Version Correlations / Fracture Mechanics (2006) (Print, trim and place pages back to back and laminate for a handy field guide)

Wet Snow in the Northwest (description of the colar and energy balance effects that can turn that spring outing into a wet, gooey and dangerous mess)
Tracking the Impact of a Facet-Crust Combination at Crystal Mountain, WA (interesting and well written article by Chris Morin of the Crystal Mt Pro Patrol that describes the impacts and longevity of a faceted crust that developed after a heavy rain event on Martin Luther King Holiday in 2011. The impacts of this crust persisted thru the winter both within and beyond the developed ski area, with related large slide releases reported into May of 2011)

Mountain Weather Related Articles

Field Forecasting Methodology (short summary of important parts of storm evolution, useful for checking whether changing conditions portend more dangerous weather)

El Niño and its Effects on NW Winters (While some cry out in pain, El Niño does not necessarily result in dire straits for NW winters. And besides, California needs snow too! Check out the most common effects of El Niño on the NW snowpack with figures showing variation in snowdepths by winter season)
ENSO and Avalanche Fatalities: Is there a Correlation? (The occurrence of an El Niño-Southern Oscillation event often produces unusual snowpack evolution throughout the western US. If not aware of the associated snowpack development, such evolution can and does result in unpleasant surprises and greater than normal avalanche accidents. This ISSW 2008 paper studies the possible correlation between ENSO, the strength of the event, and avalanche fatalities in North America.)
La Nina Update 2010 (Rich Marriott and Mark Moore) This updated article discusses La Nña as a part of the El Nño-Southern Oscillation correlation, and its anticipated mountain weather effects around the mountain west. Updated annual avalanche accident figures are also presented that continue to indicate a possible correlation between an ENSO driven winter and avalanche fatalities in North America.

La Niña and its Effects on NW Winters (Although La Nina can and does produce above average snow and generally cooler than normal temperatures for NW snowpacks, this correlation may be dependent on the strength of the event. This 2007 paper discussing the impacts of La Nina on NW snowfall, with graphs of average snowdepths depending on La Nina strength)

Mountain Weather Instrumentation Manual (while still a work in progress, this reference presents probably much more than you ever thought you needed to know about mountain weather measurement systems)

NWAC Annual Reports

(explore past winters through these summaries of NWAC operation and the evolution of past snowpack, weather and avalanche condtions)

2011/12 Annual Report (PDF)

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